Hire Essay Writer Online and Create Opportunities All Over the Globe

Hire Essay Writer Online and Create Opportunities All Over the Globe Hire Essay Writer Online and Create Opportunities All Over the Globe If you are thinking you might hire essay writer for your next paper, there may be one reason you have not considered. In addition to convenience and time savings, hiring an essay writer helps the global community. You may be assisting those in less prosperous or developing countries with earning income and improving their lives, here is how: Global Workers Earn Money Online Global workers are able to access work that pays more than what they find in their own country. Higher pay increases their standard of living and may help to support their family. Global Workers Learn and Continue Developing Their Skills In order to become academic writers and find higher paying projects, online workers are encouraged to constantly improve their skills. The job market in their community may not offer them neither opportunities for advancement nor an incentive to improve and gain knowledge. The very nature of online work demands skilled workers so they must improve their skills to stay in the market. When many workers in one country improve their skills and become more advanced, the country on the whole improves. This way, when you hire an essay writer online, you are contributing to the advancement of others and their countries. Global Workers Learn to Operate Globally These workers may not have any other reasons to advance their skills if not for online work. Working online allows them to live in and experience a work environment that is more sophisticated than they have locally. They need to learn to use the Internet for research and learning. They find out how to maneuver online work platforms such as mTurk and Upwork. They learn to use a myriad of software and apps, such as a word processor and grammar apps. They get to know the rules and processes used in more highly developed countries, thereby preparing them for more advanced careers. Global Work Gives Opportunities to Younger Disadvantaged Workers Online payment platforms such as Payoneer transfer income to prepaid cards that can be used to shop or withdraw cash. This allows disadvantaged young people to benefit because the disadvantaged are unlikely to have a bank account. In this way global work minimizes financial barriers and helps disadvantaged workers. Global Work Offers Women to Work Flexibly While Caring for Children Women with children in developing countries are often obligated to care for their children without assistance. Online work allows women to work from home performing work with flexible hours, giving them an opportunity to earn income where none existed before. Global Work Encourages Goal Setting and Self-Improvement Once these workers realize there is a way for them to advance they become encouraged and begin to see more opportunities and possibilities. They may set other financial or academic goals to improve their lives and the life of their families. Giving someone the opportunity to write your paper gives them more then just a job to do. You may be giving them something which can transform their life, and improve the global economy.

Here Is a Brief History of Print Journalism in America

Here Is a Brief History of Print Journalism in America When it comes to the history of journalism, everything starts with the invention of the movable type printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century. However, while Bibles and other books were among the first things produced by Gutenbergs press, it wasnt until the 17th century that the first newspapers were distributed in Europe. The first regularly published paper came out twice a week in England, as did the first daily, The Daily Courant. A New Profession in a Fledgling Nation In America, the history of journalism is inextricably intertwined with the history of the country itself. The first newspaper in the American colonies - Benjamin Harriss Publick Occurrences both Foreighn and Domestick - was published in 1690 but immediately shut down for not having a required license. Interestingly, Harris newspaper employed an early form of reader participation. The paper was printed on three sheets of stationery-size paper and the fourth page was left blank so that readers could add their own news, then pass it on to someone else. Many newspapers of the time were not objective or neutral in tone like the papers we know today. Rather, they were fiercely partisan publications that editorialized against the tyranny of the British government, which in turn did its best to crack down on the press. An Important Case In 1735, Peter Zenger, publisher of the New York Weekly Journal, was arrested and put on trial for allegedly printing libelous things about the British government. But his lawyer, Andrew Hamilton, argued that the articles in question could not be libelous because they were based on fact. Zenger was found not guilty, and the case established the precedent that a statement, even if negative, cannot be libelous if it is true. This landmark case helped establish the foundation of a free press in the then-fledgling nation. The 1800s There were already several hundred newspapers in the U.S. by 1800, and that number would grow dramatically as the century wore on. Early on, papers were still very partisan, but gradually they became more than simply mouthpieces for their publishers. Newspapers were also growing as an industry. In 1833 Benjamin Day opened the New York Sun and created the Penny Press. Days cheap papers, filled with sensational content  aimed at a working-class audience, were a huge hit. With huge increases in circulation and larger printing presses to meet the demand, newspapers became a mass medium. This period also saw the establishment of more prestigious newspapers that began to incorporate the kinds of journalistic standards that we know today. One such paper started in 1851 by George Jones and Henry Raymond, made a point of featuring quality reporting and writing. The name of the paper? The New York Daily Times, which later became The New York Times. The Civil War The Civil War era brought technical advances like photography to the nations great papers. And the advent of the telegraph enabled Civil War correspondents to transmit stories back to their newspapers home offices with unprecedented speed. Telegraph lines often went down, so reporters learned to put the most important information in their stories into the first few lines of the transmission. This led to the development of the tight, inverted-pyramid style of writing that we associate with newspapers today. This period also saw the formation of The Associated Press wire service, which started as a cooperative venture between several large newspapers wanting to share the news that arrived by telegraph from Europe. Today the AP is the worlds oldest and one of the largest news agencies. Hearst, Pulitzer Yellow Journalism The 1890s saw the rise of publishing moguls William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer. Both owned papers in New York and elsewhere, and both employed a sensationalistic kind of journalism designed to lure as many readers as possible. The term yellow journalism dates from this era; it comes from the name of a comic strip - The Yellow Kid - published by Pulitzer. The 20th Century - And Beyond Newspapers thrived into the mid-20th century but with the advent of radio, television and then the Internet, newspaper circulation underwent a slow but steady decline. In the 21st century, the newspaper industry has grappled with layoffs, bankruptcies and even the closing of some publications. Still, even in an age of 24/7 cable news and thousands of websites, newspapers maintain their status as the best source for in-depth and investigative news coverage. The value of newspaper journalism is perhaps best demonstrated by the Watergate scandal, in which two reporters, Bob Woodward, and Carl Bernstein, did a series of investigative articles about corruption and nefarious doings in the Nixon White House. Their stories, along with ones done by other publications, led to President Nixons resignation. The future of print journalism as an industry remains unclear. On the internet, blogging about current events has become enormously popular, but critics charge that most blogs are filled with gossip and opinions, not real reporting. There are hopeful signs online. Some websites are returning to old-school journalism, such as VoiceofSanDiego.org, which highlights investigative reporting, and GlobalPost.com, which focuses on foreign news. While the quality of print journalism remains high, its clear that newspapers as an industry must find a new business model in order to survive well into the 21st century.

Outline of Annotated Bibliography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Outline of Annotated Bibliography - Essay Example It explains how nature tries to balance the differences of men and women so they will be able to mate. An example is the equalization of testosterone levels between the sexes. Studies by Dr. Marazziti, a professor of Psychiatry at the University of Pisa revealed that other levels of hormones, like serotonin and oxytocin gets altered in the early phases of a romance, but eventually goes back to normal after some time. Related to the article of Kahn, this article, a magazine article whimsically written as a narrative discusses the physiological effects of romance. It reports anthropologist Helen Fisher’s studies on the biochemical pathways of love in all its manifestations: romance, lust, attachment, etc. Fisher has done experiments on people â€Å"in love† by putting them in MRI machines and studying how their brain works when shown a photograph of their beloved ones. It was found out that the effect is stimulating the part of the brain associated with reward and pleasure and stimulates the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter responsible for creating intense energy, exhilaration, focused attention, and motivation to win rewards. The article also discussed studies by Donatella Marazitti, (previously mentioned in the annotation before this current one) who studied the similarities of low serotonin hormone levels of people in love and people with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. It also shares other biological effects of passion and romance, the way dopamine levels of passionate lovers are high when a romance is new but when it gets comfortable enough, couples thrive on oxytocin, the hormone responsible for attachment to one another. This article reports the advantages of sex and gets into a discussion of non-verbal signals women give out during the courtship period of a romantic relationship. Some signals that women give out when they are interested in a man is flashing eyebrows, eye contact, smiling, primping, showing of palms, running fingers

HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN PERSPECTIVE Class Research Paper - 1

HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN PERSPECTIVE Class - Research Paper Example into the understanding of differences such what we owe the old, different theories such as Law of Nature to determine behavior, and the connection between the approaches such as social and sexual contract. That the law of nature can be seen as a law of reason and that natural law can be seen through the same eyes that are used in reason. According to Locke, the natural law has often been found in the scriptures and that they have been established through the will of God. The natural law should, therefore, be understood in the line of actions that are consistent with God’s scriptures. The other approach that has been fronted by John Locke is that the law of nature should be considered as a universal entity that applies to everybody at every particular time and in any place, but the law has to consider that the differences in culture will have to state what is culturally acceptable in different societies. Locke talks of natural law to be normative rather than descriptive and that it is not mandatory that civil laws stay in harmony with the elements of natural law. It is significant to understand that civil laws should often be made consistent with the structures of natural law. F or the purpose of seeking to derive an understanding in regards to the law of nature, one has to put human behavior in perspective and to create an awareness that civil rights are connected to natural law and that the different cultures do not have to exhibit similarities in the peculiarity of the beliefs The link between sexual contract and the social contract had been documented by John Locke especially when he developed a discussion on the relationship between the two types of contract as well as the relationship between the individual and the state. The discussions about the relationship witnessed between the state and the individual are the ideas that shaped Carole Paterman’s theory of sexual contract and the critique of the views presented by such thinkers as Locke and John Stuart

Internet Mental Health Issues Essay Example for Free

Internet Mental Health Issues Essay Mental health services conducted on the Internet have been described as e-therapy, online counseling, e -mail therapy, Internet-based therapy, and similar terminology. Online therapy services may be provided as an adjunct to more traditional forms of mental health treatment, or may be initiated without any offline contact between the therapist and client. Currently, there are a variety of websites providing links and information regarding online therapy. As I was reading about benefits and risks in using internet as a source for mental health services, I realized that there are a lot of factors that make it a controversial issue. There are many pro and con to its benefits. Some Pros are the convenience of a client, Flexibility in scheduling, Anonymous and private, Access to those with physical disabilities; emotionally safe environment on of my biggest issues is making use of the time-delay (email) to work on issues. Appeal to those who are shy, uncomfortable with face-to-face treatment and make them feel more those who are shy more comfortable. Some disadvantages are Privacy, security and privilege cannot be guaranteed, Lack of patient skills to use the Absence of face-to-face therapy relationship, Lack of behavioral cues may lead to problems in treatment and most importantly is Urgent, crises, or suicidal issues may not receive immediate and appropriate attention. I work in a Community clinic where we offer many treatments one of them is therapy also. As I came across this assignment I ask one of our doctors what they believed. One of the doctors sends in miner cases it could be useful as long as is a well program with credentials and the issues are not really serious. At this time we are transitioning from paper charts to computers so most of the time there sitting in front of the computer typing away while the patient is speaking. It made me realized that in a way internet and mental services are becoming more and more essential for each  other. When I was reading the website for American Psychological Association it provided me the ethics they have to fallow when they provide service public advice or comment via print, Internet or other electronic transmission, they take precautions to ensure that statements (1) are based on their professional knowledge, training or experience in accord with appropriate psychological literature and practice; (2) are otherwise consistent with this Ethics Code; and (3) do not indicate that a professional relationship has been established with the recipient. I believe in conclusion we could benefit from these services as long as we are really aware that they are legit and trustworthy. In my case I believe sometimes I could benefit from therapy but simply have no time. One of the reasons I choose online schooling. Definitely I would use these services and give it a try. There are programs offer here in California that can help you as a guide to search for help. The Board of Behavioral Sciences (BBS) would like to make the following recommendations to California consumers who choose to seek therapy or counseling over the Internet. Individuals, who provide psychotherapy or counseling, either in person, by telephone, or over the Internet, are required by law to be licensed. Licensing requirements vary by state. Individuals who provide psychotherapy or counseling to persons in California are required to be licensed in California. Such licensure permits the consumer to pursue recourse against the licensee should the consumer believe that the licensee engaged in unprofessional conduct. References 1. National Association of Social Workers â€Å"Code of Ethics â€Å"Retrieved From: https://www.socialworkers.org/pubs/code/default.asp 2. American Psychological Association â€Å"Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct â€Å"Retrieved From: http://www.apa.org/ethics/code/index.aspx# 3. The Branch Journal of Psychiatry Dr. John Powell â€Å"Internet information-seeking in mental health† Sept 2006 retrieved from: http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/189/3/273.short 4. Department of Consumer Affairs Board of Behavioral Sciences â€Å"Consumer Information Regarding Online Psychotherapy† Retrieved From: http://www.bbs.ca.gov/consumer/consumer_psych_online.shtml

Problems Facing the Nation Essay -- US Government

The nation is facing one of its most distressed times. This country has fallen from its once great position, undermined by corporate greed, and military threats. Several factors have helped to contribute to this decline from the growing deficit, to our dependency on oil and the war on terrorism. Our economy took a tumble in December 2007 our gross domestic product also continued to decrease. However, congress did not recognize the signs of the recession until December 2008 (Isidore). During this time mass layoffs and numerous business closures occurred. The economy has been a large issue even before Obama came into office. In addition, the housing market has taken a hit. Several families have been forced out of their homes when they became unable to make their mortgage payments. Seven and a half million mortgages were past due or being foreclosed on (Felton 35). When you are without a home it is much more difficult to escape poverty you are unable to apply for a job since you do not have a permanent address thus only pushing the nation farther into despair. The nation’s deficit has reached 13 trillion dollars more than it has ever reached before and is still anticipated to increase. The Obama administration has put a spending freeze on to help counter act the expected increase of spending (Stein). The freeze makes congress allocate their money for new project by cutting other services. The effect of the freeze is expected to save the nation $250 billion dollars. The economy has been recently scared by various bad reports of uprisings in Greece instability in Europe and increased declines in retail sales. The Obama administration has to find a way to stabilize the economy in order for economic growth to begin. Although it’s n... ...ear in Breifing." Time 4 January 2010: 35. Gillis, Justin and Henry Fountain. "New Estimates Double Rate of Oil Flowing Into Gulf." 10 June 2010. New York times. 12 June 2010 . Gross, Daniel. "Going To Extremes." Newsweek 14 June 2010: 19. Isidore, Chris. "It's official: Recession since Dec. '07." 1 December 2008. CNN Money. 12 June 2010 . Stein, Sam. "Obama To Propose Major Spending Freeze Saving $250 Billion." Huffington Post 25 January 2010. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, comp. "Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey." Chart. Databases, Tables & Calculators by Subject. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, n.d. Web. 11 June 2010. .

Cultural distance assignment Essay

CDj is the cultural distance between the host country (j) and the home country (in this case Germany). It is calculated with a summation of 4 different variables indicating different cultural dimensions. These are uncertainty avoidance, power distance, individualism/collectivism and masculinity/femininity. is the country j’s score on one of the four cultural dimension is the score of the home country (in this case Germany) on this dimension. is the variance of this particular dimension. Firstly, the distance on each dimension between the host country j and the home country (in this case Germany). Secondly, this number is squared. After squaring minus each variable is divided by the variance of that variable. And finally, all these four variances are added together and divided by 4. 2. What is the difference between mean and variance? Can you explain the example given in the lecture in your own words? Mean and variance are both about distribution, but mean refers to one measure of the central value for a probability distribution. It is the average of a set of measurements. On the other hand, variance is a measure of how far a set of numbers is spread out. In a statistical probability graph the difference in variance is made visible in the height of the graph. A low variance indicates that the data points are close to the mean. This can be recognized in a normal distribution graph where the curve is either flatter or steeper. A flat curve indicates a high variance as data points are far away from the mean, whereas a steep curve indicates a small variance as the data points are close to the mean. 3. Calculate the distance on each dimension between Germany (our home country) and a specific host country using the Excel program.? Tip: you can use the formula editor in Excel to calculate the distance on e. g. power distance between Germany and Argentina, the first country in the sample. You can copy-paste the formula in the other rows/columns. Power distance: Argentina – Germany: 49-35 = 14 Uncertainty avoidance: Argentina – Germany: 86-64 = 21 Individualism / collectivism: Argentina – Germany: 46-67 = -21 ? 21 Masculinity / femininity: Argentina – Germany: 56-66 = -10 ? 10 4. The Kogut-Singh index of cultural distance also contains the variance of each dimension. Answer the following questions: a. In the bottom row of the columns you will find the variance for each culture ? dimension. What dimension has the highest variance? Individual – collectivism b. What does a high variance mean Tip: to calculate the variance yourself, you can use the formula editor of Excel and search for â€Å"variance†. A high variance means that the date points are very spread out from the mean and from each other 5. Calculate the cultural distance using Kogut and Singh formula while using Germany as the home country. Tip: follow the different steps as explained in the main lecture, and first calculate the difference, ? the squared difference, the variance, and the overall cultural distance. Cultural distance = 0,547 ? [(14*14)/507,68 + (21*21)/559,42 + (-21*-21)/621,34 + (-10*-10)/329,58)]/4 6. Which four countries have the lowest cultural distance to Germany? Switzerland, Italy, South Africa and Luxembourg 7. Which country has the highest cultural distance? Guatemala 8. What is the average cultural distance between Germany and these 57 other countries? 1,6046894 9. Pick a host country and relate the cultural distance score between Germany and that ? host country to the 7 points of critique raised by Shenkar as discussed in the lecture. We picked Egypt, which has a cultural distance score of 1,748. 1. The illusion of symmetry: you cannot assume that the cultural distance from Germany and Egypt is similar to the cultural distance from Egypt to Germany. Because of recent conflicts in Egypt it is probably less attractive for other countries, including Germany, to do business or invest in Egypt, whereas for Egypt itself, it is not hard to do business in Germany. 2. The illusion of stability: Cultural distance is measured at a single point in time, but cultures may change over time and therefore, cultural differences may also change over time. Currently the conflict in Egypt is still ongoing which makes cultural difference between Germany and Egypt bigger. However, if this conflict ends, the cultural difference may shrink again. 3. The illusion of linearity: in case a German MNE already had an entity in Egypt and is considering a second one, the obstacle of starting a second entity is lower than it would have with the initial entity introduction. The effect on cultural distance therefore depends on the experience already gained and is not a linear process. 4. The illusion of causality: Kogut and Singh’s formula only focuses on cultural difference, but distance is a multidimensional construct and should be studied not in isolation but together with the other three dimensions of distance, namely; institutional/administrative distance, geographic distance and economic distance. For instance, the cultural difference between Germany and Egypt is 1,748 and the geographic distance between Germany and Egypt is 3208 kilometer. The cultural difference between Germany and Australia is 0,320 (a lot smaller than 1,748) and the geographic distance between these two countries is 14482 kilometers (a lot further than 3208 km). 5. The illusion of discordance: the assumption is that all cultural aspects of the cultural distance between home and host country matter equally, but depending on the country, some dimensions of a culture matter more than others. Take language and religion. Both cultural aspects, but when Germany does business with the Netherlands difference in language would matter a lot more than difference in religion, whereas when Germany does business with Egypt, the religion factor would weigh a lot heavier. 6. The assumption of corporate homogeneity: by using national cultural measures, the CD concept only incorporates variance in the national culture but does not consider possible variances on a corporate level. National culture vs. organizational culture is left out. In Egypt, a company which employs employees of many different nationalities will have less cultural differences with a German company in comparison to a company which only employs Egyptians. 7. The assumption of spatial homogeneity: when examining the cultural differences on the basis of national level scores, possible cultural variances within that same country are left out. In Egypt it would not be correct to look at the country as a whole, since within the country (city versus rural areas) there are different cultures and sentiments based on different takes on for example Muslim religion. This could affect the way different companies do business and therefore reduce or expand the cultural difference between Germany and Egypt. 10. Assess the strengths and weaknesses of the Kogut and Singh measure of cultural distance. Kogut and Singh have made an effort of creating an overview on the cultural distance between countries. The overview is quite meticulous and based on empirical research, taking four dimensions – created by Hofstede – of cultural distance into account. Although the measure of cultural distance should provide realistic information for organisations that seek new markets, it is not able to do so. The measure should be seen as an indicator of cultural distance rather than an absolute number. Supported by Shenkar’s seven points of critique1, the weaknesses of Kogut and Singh’s theory will be assessed. Supported by Kim and Gray’s article, its strengths will be assessed2. As Shenkar researched effectively, Kogut and Singh’s measure is quite ambiguous. It creates several illusions of cultural distance. Deriving from these seven points made by Shenkar, the measure cannot be used in practice. The differences between reality and theory are too large. For example, as Shenkar explained in point 5; â€Å"The implicit assumption that differences in cultures produce lack of â€Å"fit† and hence an obstacle to transaction is questionable. First, not every cultural gap is critical to performance. As Tallman and Shenkar (1994, p. 108) note, â€Å"different aspects of firm culture may be more or less central, more or less difficult to transmit, and more or less critical to operations†. Second, cultural differences may be complementary and hence have a positive synergetic effect on investment and performance. ’3 Companies are shown one CD number, but the importance of the various dimensions creating this number is different for each company. For example, a company involved in financial derivatives that seeks to create a subsidiary overseas may be less concerned about the individualism/collectivism-dimension than about the uncertainty avoidance-dimension, as these companies are inherently making money of uncertainty. Thus, the CD number does not suit the function implied by Kogut and Singh. Singh and Kogut create an illusion that this CD number helps companies finding a suitable strategy for expanding abroad. The CD number should provide hard data for finding this strategy. Due to the difference between theory and practice, this number cannot provide practical data. However, the measure is suitable for other goals. For one, the measure can explain corporate behaviour in new markets. Kim and Gray researched the applicability of the CD measure. They concluded that relationship between the CD measure and corporate behaviour has some plausible consistencies. 4 The ownership mode a company takes in a new market is indeed dependent on the cultural distance between the host and home country. Kogut and Singh’s measure is thus accurate, but not practical. In conclusion, the measure of Kogut and Sing is accurate enough to explain corporate behaviour in hindsight, but cannot be seen as a practical calculation for choosing a business strategy. A company may tend to get confused by the calculation method, as it equally takes all dimensions into account. However, in the end, a company will probably handle appropriately to the new market’s culture. This is shown in Kim and Gray’s research.

Napoleon and Snowball Essay

Napoleon and Snowball are characters who represent Stalin and Trotsky. Explore the conflict between these two characters presented by Orwell in Animal Farm ‘Animal Farm’ is an allegory which presents George Orwell’s views on communism in the form of an anthropomorphic fable. The main characters are Snowball and Napoleon, who represent Trotsky and Stalin, are two opposing characters whose conflict is presented in a number of linguistic and structural ways. An example of this are the different ideas of ‘Animalism’ which Snowball and Napoleon have. Snowball strives for equality whilst Napoleon becomes a power-driven dictator. One of the first differences that emerge between Snowball and Napoleon are their physical differences described at the start of Chapter 2 Napoleon is described as a ‘large, rather fierce-looking’ pig which foreshadows his future violent ways of dictatorship , as well as showing that Napoleon takes more than his fair sha re. On the other hand, Snowball seems to be a more suitable leader as he is ‘quicker in speech’ and ‘more inventive’. However, it appears as if Orwell is foreshadowing Snowball’s eventual inferiority by mentioning that he was not ‘considered to have the same depth of character’. In my opinion, throughout Chapter 2, Orwell is making the reader feel more inclines towards Snowball by presenting him as someone who strives for equality and seems to be on the animals’ side. The main source of conflict between Snowball ad Napoleon, especially during the first half of the novel, was due to the fact that ‘these two were never in agreement’ and this is shown through the way they utilise (or manipulate, in Napoleon’s case) their power over the other animals’. Snowball is full of plans and ideas, such as education and generating electricity which help optimise the animals’ lives. We know that Snowball is driven to spread the word of ‘Animalism’ by creating simplified maxims such as ‘four legs good, two legs bad’. However, Orwell portrays the idea that a lot of these plans are idealistic as many of these fail and this becomes apparent when Orwell lists them but abruptly ends the list with the sentence ‘on the whole these projects were a failure’, creating bathos and a satirical tone. On the other hand, Napoleon becomes a dictator whose only goals are to gain power for himself and the reader is aware of this when ‘the milk has disappeared’ at the end of Chapter 2- we later learn that this is mixed in  with the pig’s food. Napoleon ‘took no interest in Snowballs’ committees’ and instead uses fear and his propaganda agent Squealer to gain dominance over the animals, showing that his idea of dictatorship is based more on fascism that the utopian vision of ‘Animalism’. Squealer plants the idea in the animals’ heads that if they do not follow Napoleon ‘Jones will come back’. He also uses the dogs, which he took f rom their mothers when they were puppies and trained them to be guard dogs, as a fear element. The pigs are the most educated animals on the farm (probably due to Napoleon focusing on indoctrinating only the pigs) and use their higher skill level to position themselves above the other animals. Orwell portrays this by reminding the reader numerous times throughout the novel that the pigs were ‘the cleverest of the animals’. Napoleon abuses this which is noticeable in Squealer’s speeches when he says that apples are ‘absolutely necessary to the well-being of a pig’ and using complicated languages to obfuscate the pigs. Eventually, Napoleon usurps dominance over the farm bad the animals start looking up to him, creating dangerous maxims such as ‘Napoleon is always right’ and the sheeps’ bleating of ‘four legs good, two legs bad’ used to drown out anyone who disagrees with Napoleon. ‘Animal Farm’ mirrors the events of the Russian revolution and Orwell’s purpose is to show the reader that, althoug h it seems ideal in theory, communism is flawed. The reader can sense that this is satire because Orwell ridicules his targets by reducing political figures to the level of unflattering farm animals, especially pigs who are renowned for their greed and gluttony. Snowball represents Trotsky who was a brilliant leader. However, Napoleon attempts to expel Snowball form the farm, just like Stalin expels Trotsky. Napoleon then tries to eradicate Snowball’s name from victorious memories such as his triumph in the Battle of the Cowshed and make him into a traitor. He blames Snowball for the destruction of the windmill as well as spreading rumours that he is ‘secretly frequenting the farm by night’ and causing mischief. In my opinion, it is worrying how easily the animals’ convinced, which shows just how powerful Napoleon is. Structure plays an important role in building tension and introducing conflict. Things seem to get worse with each chapter and the farm seems to rapidly descend into a fascist dystopia soon after Snowball is chased off the farm. There also seems to a few instances of irony created by Orwell’s juxtaposition-  for example, he tells the reader that the animals suffer ‘hardships’ but that they also have a ‘greater dignity’. This portrays the ignorance of the animals, as well as conveying Orwell’s mocking tone. This mocking tone is found in various pleas throughout the novel to emphasise how oblivious the animals are to the despotic nature of Napoleon. For example, Squealer is found obviously changing the commandments but ‘none of the animals could form any idea as to what this meant’ which not only shows oblivion but due to the fact the blindly accept everything Napoleon says, they cannot think for themselves.

ASSIGNMENT ON LEADERSHIP AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT Essays

ASSIGNMENT ON LEADERSHIP AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT Essays ASSIGNMENT ON LEADERSHIP AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT Paper ASSIGNMENT ON LEADERSHIP AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT Paper Assignment Topic-2: Leaders are born, non made . Discourse the statement with mention to leading model presently in us in administrations. Introduction: The constitution of relationship between followings and leaders that focus on existent alterations and results that reflects through shared intents is fundamentally leading. Leadership besides involves in making alteration non merely in keeping position quotation mark. Another leading of import characteristic is to convey people and do them understanding to come together around a common vision and to convey alteration about coveted hereafter. In many facets, the importance of leading is critical without it households, communities and every bit good as administrations would travel down apart. In other sense, the manner of bettering efficiency, morale, client service and public presentation is the critical facet of leading. It is besides indispensable for the administrations to manage critical state of affairs and take that efficaciously and merely a good leader with good leading ability can take squad successfully. There are different manners of leading basically it is manner the indi vidual trades with that in order to remain alive in his or her place. These are autocratic, democratic and laissez-faire. In autocratic leading manner, leader holds all the power and duties. In this manner, employees are assigned to specific undertaking by the leader and anticipate to acquire it done orderly. In individualistic leading manner, leader gives power to employees. There are two or more alternate determinations taken by leader, employees can take any of them from there it depends up to them. In democratic leading manners, leader gives more importance on employees and attempts to promote them and shows attending to persons. Current construction of leading: A good considerate of leading requires a assemblage of thoughts and we unfortunately can non fallback on a simple theory to explicate it. We will hold to discourse that how leading can suit within the administration alternatively of prosecuting in conversation. The administrations have a construction to work signifier through making an understanding about leading. Administration must hold to be comprehensive for everyone to go a leader. Leader s demand to be relational, it would merely be possible because of the ground there is a spiritual side to leading. Leaderships must hold strong religious strong beliefs and beliefs to set up a base for their personal value systems. This translates into releasing one-self to others and it works best when the leader is compelled to work on things that represent his or her deepest values. These values can be moral based on values that are outside the organisation or ethical values within the organisation. Therefore, leaders must be really much grounded in covering with values -struggling with a tenseness between alteration and stableness what works and what does non work.[ 1 ] Arguments in support of Leader s are born non made : Historically there are many leading attacks that linked with different theories of leading. It can be discussed through nature poetries nature deliberate. The Great adult male theory and Trait Theory represented the best nature statement related to above statement. Great Man theory of leading: 1900 s: This is the earliest theories of leading. At that clip most of the research workers believed that leaders are born, non made . In Great Man theory, describes that the chief secrets of a great leader lies in being born great. It gives importance on the survey of all the great leaders who were great, may be they are from nobility or from the lower categories but they had the chances to take. By happening out those people who did great things such as Nepolean, Hitler, Curchill if we go farther back so Lord Krisna, Gesus and Hazrat Mohammad were really easy to indicate out them. Harmonizing to Great Man theory, it considers that leaders must hold built-in capacity for leading that leader s are born non made. This theory frequently depict great leaders are brave, mythic and intended to lift leading when needed. Leaderships must hold some qualities like good commanding power, inventiveness, good character, bravery, self-control ; ferocity and expressiveness by Born that ca nt be possessed through acquisition or through peculiar taught programmes. Trait Theories of Leadership: 1900s-1940: Trait theories are similar to Great Man theories in some ways. It assumes that leaders must possess general traits or personal characteristics that they get by Born and common to all and make them better matched to leading. In Trait Theory of leading merely tried to happen traits of well-known leader that were frequent. Sometimes Trait theories recognize demanding personality and behavioral characteristics shared by leaders. This attack was based on the strategy that is individualism and personal intrinsic worth that distinguish successful leader signifier everyone else. In 1994, Yukl conducted research on traits and accomplishments and linked to organizational effectivity. These were: energy and force per unit area forbearance, self-control, interior venue of control, emotional adulthood, worthiness, domination inspiration, making orientation, need for association. Arguments opposite to Leader s are born non made: The other leading theories explain societal and contextual position like Behavioural Theories, Situational Theories, and Normative theories, transactional and transformational Theories. The Behavioral theories assume that leaders are made non born. Chiefly Behavioural theory focal points on leader s action non upon internal province and mental qualities. Behavioral Theories of Leadership: In this theory chiefly concentrate on behavior of leaders in the way of the followings and this became a taking manner of leading nearing within the administration. Diverse forms of manners were grouped together and categorized as manners. These activities of direction through preparation became really celebrated. Basically these manners are- Undertaking concern: Here leaders give of import on aims accomplishment through high degree productiveness, and ways to pull off people and activities for accomplishing those aims. Peoples concern: Here leaders focus on their followings as people what their demands, involvements, what their jobs, how it can be development and so on. They are non merely units of production or means to an terminal. Directing leading: This manner is considered by leaders make determinations for others and wanting all the followings or subsidiaries will prosecute that waies. Participative leading: Here leaders take portion in decision-making by sharing among others. ( Wright 1996: 36-7 ) Situational Theories of Leadership: In situational theories of leading gives more importance on the different state of affairss like where the undertaking to be accomplished, tantrum surrounded by personalities, power and perceptual experiences. Effectiveness of leading relies on those state of affairss. These situational theories are besides called Eventuality theories because this Theory is reliant upon the demands or the position of the state of affairss. The Hersey Blanchard Theory: This situational theory developed by Paul Hersey and Kenneth Blanchard and it focuses on activity and operational environment of the administration. Their chief attack was that followings will ever acquire favor from the leader about their willingness to make the occupation. In this attack leaders have to understand about the followings decently and have to place their phase of development and harmonizing to that use the leading manner. With taking aid from Ohio State surveies and develop four leading manners that is available for managers- Directing or stating Coaching or selling Participating or back uping Delegating Directing or stating: Occupation duties is defined by the leader and inform to followings about when to make that and where to make it and how can it be done. Coaching: It s a two manner communicating here leader gives supportive way to followings and sometimes inquire for thoughts or suggestion from followings every bit good. Supporting or take parting: The leader and follower portion in determination consequently to accomplish a maximal values like what will be the best to vie with high deserving occupation Delegating: Followings get small support from the leaders. Deductions of this theory: one job is that it does non count how difficult leaders try but they are against to alter from one manner to another. + Supportive Coaching Supportive behavior Delegating Stating Directive behavior + Figure: Different manners 1960s-70: In Contingency/situational theory argues-what leaders perform that can be determined by that state of affairss and that behaviours must be related with that environmental state of affairss in manus. A good situational leader can merely use different leading manners with the altering state of affairss. The best action taken by the leader depends on of the leader depends on a scope of situational factors. How the theoretical account works merely to accomplish consequences: Designation of elaborate occupation and undertaking Buttockss present public presentation Matching leader response Different leading manners could act upon by the broad scope of variables depending on the different environmental state of affairss and it creates an impact on leader behavior, in which leader can work. There are some critical eventualities like organizational volume, complexness in undertaking, adulthood of worker and so many others. Harmonizing to situational theory, situational factors are limited and vary harmonizing to that eventuality and specified behavior of leader can merely work in certain sort of state of affairss non for all. There are three most outstanding theories of contingency- Path-Goal theory Feidler s Contingency theory The Vroom-Yetton s theoretical account Path-Goal theory: In this theory harmonizing to House ; 1971: chiefly concentrate on leader s motivational map and it can be enhanced by increasing single final payments to subsidiaries for work end accomplishment, gain personal satisfaction by intensifying chances. Harmonizing to these theories key occupier is that the effectivity can be measured through the behaviors of different leaders that will be influenced by situational variables. Fiedler s Contingency theory: In 1971, Feidler proposed elucidation on that how group public presentation can be affected through the dealingss of leading orientation, group scene and occupation features. Leader s state of affairs can mensurate though assorted extents like relationships between leaders and members, construction of occupation and place power. The relationship between leader and member: This refers to how the leader is liked by the group members. When good relationship exists between leaders and members so all are get high satisfaction in work and administrations values is achieved through single values. If the relation is traveling severely so there is deficiency of common trust. Another of import term group coherence, it is really hard to do all the employees work together when it low. The Vroom-Yetton s theoretical account of leading: This theoretical account is widely used in the development of leading in corporate Centre and besides gets adequate support from practicians. The most of import facets of this theoretical account is that legitimates both the bossy and democratic leader behavior and matching that is suited in punctilious state of affairss. This theoretical account besides provides fruitful information about what would be the perfect clip of utilizing groups or opposed to personality determination devising. This theoretical account has some restrictions like leaders are ever have to take determination in choosing of leading manners, it considers each determination in term of state of affairs but it does non depend on old factor. Transactional Theories: This attack of leading was most popular at that clip and this is defined by Gibson, Ivancevich and Donnelly. It has some similar characteristics with situational theories. It s a sort of leading where leaders find out what the demand of followings to accomplish organizational public presentation as a agency of wagess. In this theory has several premises like it motivates people through wages and acquire penalty for the cause of errors, followings know what they have to make harmonizing to way for the intent of acquiring wagess. Sometimes they use direction by exclusion techniques. The transactional leader sometimes utilize Path-Goal theory as a model but leader take all the duties for puting ends, mission for deriving effectivity. Transformational Theories: Followings are motivated and inspired by the transmutation leaders and to accomplish consequences more than desired. This is the most recent theories of leading. This leading ability based on different personality factors like personal appeal, individual attending and rational diversion. There are several effects of transformational leading defined by Bernard Bass and Bruce Avolio ( 1994 ) .These are as follows: Motivating others to affect them in work from new perceptual experience Consciousness about what the mission of the administration Developing ability of other s to accomplish public presentation at exceeds degree Involved in finding the benefits of the administrations by actuating the beyond their attending as they could hold. Theory X and Theory Y of Leadership: In 1960, Douglus and McGregor described this leading theory that the activities of leaders are based on their thought and considerations about the persons at work. He besides described the behavior of leaders in two contrasting sets of bliefs.These are theory X and Theory Y. The premises of Theory X: Average single do non like work and avoid if they can Individual demand to maintain forcing for accomplishing desired aims by directing, commanding and endangering through giving penalty This attack can take actions The premises of Theory Y: Peoples will work in their ain duties and command harmonizing to how they are committed. In common people have some qualities like creativity and imagination The mean persons are non merely accepted but look for aims. Charismatic Leadership: This theory is defined by Max Weber and chiefly focal points on leader s magnetic features. Through these features leaders influence the followings and they can alter anything. It is non possible to entree these qualities by ordinary people by and large they are extraordinary. They are like charming leaders they got particular power to manage complex state of affairss. Leadership theoretical accounts: Leaderships how they act and the manner how they do that can be understood by the aid of Leadership theoretical accounts. There are two theoretical accounts: the Four Framework Approach and the Managerial Grid.[ 2 ] Four Framework Approach In the Four Framework Approach, Bolman and Deal ( 1991 ) propose that leaders exhibit leading behavior in one of four types of models: Structural, Human Resource, Political, or Symbolic. Harmonizing to this theoretical account, leaders can be place into one of these four different models and there are times when one attack is proper and times when it would non be. It besides describes that manners may either efficient or inefficient depending on state of affairss. It would be better non to trust on one of the four different attacks. It can explicate by an illustration, for the period of major organizational alteration ; Structural leading manner is more preferred than symbolic leading manner ; when an administration demand strong growing at that clip symbolic attack is far better than structural attack. So we need to be cognizant about utilizing these attacks and its restrictions. Structural Framework In structural model, leaders are focuses on agreement, scheme, environment, executing, experimentation, and change. It besides describes the leaders as a societal designer and their leading is design and analyse. Human Resource Framework In human resource model describes the effective fortunes of leading ; the leader is a vehicle and retainer whose leading manner is sustain, recommending, and authorization. In other ways for an inefficient status of leading, the leader is a soft touch, whose leading manner is abandonment and fraudulence. Human Resource approaches leaders have faith in people and portion their belief ; they are perceptible and available ; they empower, increase engagement, support, portion their information, and travel in determination devising along into the organisation. Political Model In political model, the leader is a candidate, whose leading manner is confederation and edifice which best describes an effectual leading state of affairs. In a useless leading state of affairs, the leader is a streetwalker ; leading manner of leader is maneuvering. Political leaders make clear what they desire and what they can acquire through measuring the allocation of power and involvements ; they assemble linkages to other stakeholders, usage trickeries foremost, and so utilize dialogue and subjugation merely if necessary. Symbolic Framework In symbolic attack gives precedence on leading manner that leaders use for inspiration as an efficient state of affairs. In other sense of inefficient leading state of affairs is leaders are fool and their manners of leading is like fume. Managerial Grid In 1985 harmonizing to the Blake and Mouton Managerial Grid, besides recognized as the Leadership Grid describes two axes. Vertically it describes concern for people and horizontally describes concern for undertaking. Both of these axes have range from 0 to 9. Majority of people plunge someplace near to the Centre of the two axes Middle of the Road. Peoples can notch up on the utmost terminal of the graduated tables by traveling to the extremes. There are four types of leading manners by making to extremes ; that is, Authoritarian strong on mundane occupations, puny on people related plants State Club strong on people related plants, weak on mundane occupations Impoverished weak on mundane occupations, weak on people related plants Team Leader strong on mundane occupations, strong on people related plants Authoritarian Leader Peoples who get this ranking are really much undertaking related and are stiff on their workers. These types of leader ever expect people to acquire work done about what they precisely said with no issue or argument. Team Leader These types of single lead positively and act upon all the squad members to make in highest potency, both as squad members and as people. They encourage the squad to make squad ends every bit expeditiously as possible, while besides working diligently to do stronger the bonds between the assorted members. Productive squads are lead by them successfully. Qualities of people in leading places: There are three degrees of leading places in an administration. These are strategic degree, operational degree and squad degree. A good leader should possess some good qualities to manage this place efficaciously and tactfully. These are as follows: Good character Good personality Devotion Self confidence-this will assist them to place subsidiary s endowment fundamentally that will assist the concern to travel up Good communicating capability- it is really of import for any concern to run efficaciously without this it is impossible Good learner-it will assist them to develop Hazard taking ability Problem work outing capableness Relationships-this qualities need to keep positive relationship in all countries Creative minded-this qualities help them to convey any alteration when there is esteem demands in order to prolong in the concern for accomplishing high degree of success Positive attitudes Servant leadership-decision devising ability through sing the sentiment attraction with concern vision by exciting the followings Courage Advanced Good motive power Leadership development enterprises: There are several patterns which describe the best leading development enterprises. First, the good committedness between top leaders and directors and be extremely regarded, associated with concern scheme and resolute on the right concern issues. Second, through the designation of successful leading competences. Third, leading development is more of import than preparation of direction. If leaders are effectual in administration so all degrees of people in administration steered up. Fourthly, need to use leading all degrees of direction. Fifthly, leading development programme must include on-going attack like assignments for development, meetings with abroad opposite numbers, instance surveies etc. Finally, the successful incorporation of talent direction.[ 3 ] Examples of Starbucks company leading: In the history of Starbucks growing Howard Schultz was the greatest leader. In 1982, when Starbucks was traveling to worsen after presenting in the market. At that clip Howard Schultz was get appointed as a new CEO for Starbucks and accelerated the whole to go a planetary trade name worldwide. In my sentiment he merely transforms everything within a short clip. He made people understand that selling a cup of java in Starbucks is a lifestyle acquaintance, unlike any other cafe . He applied leading eventuality attack to do alterations in organizational scenes. Under Schultz s leading, the company has achieved a figure of mileposts. Starbucks was one of the first in private held companies in North America to offer two alone benefits to its spouses ( employees ) . He chiefly focused on clients and made them understand their demands.[ 4 ] Decision: At the terminal we can reason by summarizing on that leaders are born, non made . In early age of Leadership they thought that leader should posses some particular endowment in Born. That can non be possessed through acquisition, or developed though preparation. They did nt see the places every bit good as they were merely born to take. In current research on leading focused on the personality trait of leader that should hold. Now in our administration all the leaders are good educated and decently trained. They have got the cognition to manage the critical state of affairss. Presently in compared to corporate sector, Most of the administrations now concentrating on chief diverseness enterprises and it can undertake through behavioral attack of leading. These diverseness enterprises can merely be implemented through behavioral attack in todays or tomorrow s in the administrations. The quality of the leader is really of import. The success of the company is to the full depending on t he good quality of the leader.

The Skimmers Guide to CoSchedule (Overview of the Best Features)

The Skimmers Guide to (Overview of the Best Features) Managing an entire marketing strategy†¦ well, it can feel like your head is spinning. Just as one campaign gets out the door†¦ Another thousand content requests come flying in (on way too short of notice) Your team members are frantically working on a million different things†¦ your social strategy is less-than-optimized your own to-do list is longer than should be legal And honestly†¦ You’ve come to the point where you need some HELP. As the #1 marketing project management, content organization AND social scheduling tool†¦ we’ve got the solutions you need to make your life a billion times  easier AND  get your entire marketing strategy back on track. ðŸ™Å' And since youre a busy marketer with *no* time to spare Ive put together  The Skimmers Guide To (so you can find the solutions you needfast). Table of Contents Project Management + Content Organization Custom Color Labels Projects Tasks, Task Templates, AND Task Approvals Saved Calendar Views Read-Only Views Tags Integrate With Your Favorite Tools Marketing Campaigns Team Performance Reports Social Media Scheduling Social Campaigns Social Helpers Bulk Social Upload ReQueue Best Time Scheduling Social Scheduling â€Å"On The Fly† For Mobile Social Engagement Report Social Campaign Report Social Network Reports (for Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram, and Pinterest) So let’s jump right into all the ways can stop your head from spinning and turn YOU into an ultra-organized, cool-as-a-cucumber (because you’ve got everything under control) marketing pro. Lets go! The Skimmers Guide to (Overview of the Best Features) Managing an entire marketing strategy†¦ well, it can feel like your head is spinning. Just as one campaign gets out the door†¦ Another thousand content requests come flying in (on way too short of notice) Your team members are frantically working on a million different things†¦ your social strategy is less-than-optimized your own to-do list is longer than should be legal And honestly†¦ You’ve come to the point where you need some HELP. As the #1 marketing project management, content organization AND social scheduling tool†¦ we’ve got the solutions you need to make your life a billion times  easier AND  get your entire marketing strategy back on track. ðŸ™Å' And since youre a busy marketer with *no* time to spare Ive put together  The Skimmers Guide To (so you can find the solutions you needfast). Table of Contents Project Management + Content Organization Custom Color Labels Projects Tasks, Task Templates, AND Task Approvals Saved Calendar Views Read-Only Views Tags Integrate With Your Favorite Tools Marketing Campaigns Team Performance Reports Social Media Scheduling Social Campaigns Social Helpers Bulk Social Upload ReQueue Best Time Scheduling Social Scheduling â€Å"On The Fly† For Mobile Social Engagement Report Social Campaign Report Social Network Reports (for Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram, and Pinterest) So let’s jump right into all the ways can stop your head from spinning and turn YOU into an ultra-organized, cool-as-a-cucumber (because you’ve got everything under control) marketing pro. Lets go!

MODERN FRENCH THINKERS-POLITICAL SCIENCE PHILOSOPHY Essay

MODERN FRENCH THINKERS-POLITICAL SCIENCE PHILOSOPHY - Essay Example His political science thus harnesses the new natural science of the Enlightenment to address despotism, which he deems mankinds fundamental problem in older and newer times and in every land. One of his novel means for overcoming this enduring obstacle to human civilization and liberty, thus providing for mankinds needs and wants in a humane way, is a powerful but disguised judiciary which can change both the manner and structure of political life for any people or government. The best, most humane kind of government will be one most imbued, though still imperceptibly, by a judges concern with due process and protecting individual security. Throughout this examination of Montesquieu’s judging power recourse will be had to one of the â€Å"principles† of his work - principles which, he claims, explain â€Å"the histories of all nations† (Preface, 229, xliii). This is moderation, by which he means a balance, or equilibrium, which avoids extremes, and it is the fundamental principle of Montesquieus new political science. One of its particular forms is a doctrine of constitutionalism for which he is justly famous, since in its application to human beings and politics Montesquieus moderation takes the form of separation of powers. This principle of balance or equilibrium deeply informs his noted study of the constitution of England: â€Å"it is an everlasting experience that any man who has power is led to abuse it; he continues until he finds limits †¦ So that one cannot abuse power, it is necessary that, by the disposition of things, power check power" (XI.4, 395, 155). Montesquieus more general and fundamental formulation of the principle of moderation, however, is the understanding of esprit (spirit) which informs the works title, namely a Newtonian equilibrium achieved in the relations between bodies in motion (inanimate and animate). This is clearly evident in Montesquieus notion of the â€Å"principle of each [type of] government:" the right "relation between the