Lincoln’s Presidency and Its Hallmarks on Future Presidents

What be the approximately important hallmarks of capital of Nebraskas leadership that influenced later presidents such as Teddy Roosevelt as they considered the role of the US governing in American political life? As the only President to preside everywhere an American Civil War, Abraham capital of Nebraska entered the office of the presidency with mounting challenges ahead of him. The rudes kindle divide regarding the issue of slavery proved to be the fundamental issue in the 1861 elections.President capital of Nebraskas strong resolve to reunite the union catalyzed a sharp shift in his beliefs regarding the burthen of mightiness in the executive branch, helping capital of Nebraska enduringnessen the office of the Presidency uniform neer forraderhand. This set a precedent for future Presidents, notably Theodore Roosevelt, whose statute on big business and peach softly and carry a big irritate methodology to foreign relations, while thoroughly of his sustain design , most certainly finds its roots in the em moguled President Lincoln.Lincoln entered the Presidency rooted in the beliefs that the executive branchs power came second to the legislative, as subjectd in the Constitution. His immediate predecessorsDemocrats Franklin push up and James Buchananhad set the pattern for a weak executive, conceiving their roles as little more than clerks who either sanctioned or disapproved legislation developed from congresss agenda, (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 175).However, following the secession of seven southern states outright after Lincolns election, his focus became reuniting the union he sought to reassure his fellow countrymen and to thwart more states from seceding, (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 175). To accomplish this, Lincoln was headfast in his ratiocinations, ofttimes reaching beyond traditional executive power and, in effect, overriding the other branches of government. These decisions were extremely disputed Groiler Encyclopedia says, As a commander in chief Lincoln was soon noted for vigorous measures, sometimes at odds with the Constitution.Three disputable decisions Lincoln make include the implementation of a military draft, breakout of habeas corpus in legion(predicate) regions, and finally, a plan to end slavery in his 1862 annual message to Congress. All of these events were controversial and Lincoln was accused of ignoring the Constitution in many instances, yet he justified it to many by claiming that it was indispensable in the name of popular demand and ordinary necessity, (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 177).In essence, Lincolns power was a funneling of powers, delivered to other branches of government in peacetime, into the presidential office in wartime. He was centralizing authority, (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 178). In schoolbook titled A Constitutional History of the United assigns, author Andrew McLaughlin analyzes constitutional problems of the civil war, saying that The excuse for such a step mu st be the existence of actual disorder or a condition which seriously threatens civil authority. Herein lies the debate, should a President have the moral right to carry the Constitution in order to save it? One of the first policies to centralize the Executive Branchs power was the implementation of a military draft in the beginning of Lincolns presidency On May 3 Lincoln issued a proclamation summoning 42,034 volunteers to serve for three eld he also called for an increase of the regular army by the addition of 22,714 officers and men, and for the enlistment of 18,000 seamen, (McLaughlin, 1935, 615).This proves to be controversial because it was employing a war power without a declaration of war, (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 177). Lincolns claim was that he was constitutionally designated as commander-in-chief and that the military peril to the Union made such actions necessary, (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 177). The draft caused riots in New York, as people vehemently opposed its in stitution. Another instance of policy that was implemented with this newfound executive power was that he suspended the right of habeas corpus in many regions.According to text published in the journal titled History Today, habeas corpus makes the force at the disposal of the chief executive correction to regulation by the courts. With it, a judge can demand that a prisoner be brought before him to evaluate whether the prisoners detention is legal. Without it, an unlawfully incarcerated individual has no legal remedy. The suspension of this right is one of the most controversial aspects of the Lincoln Presidency If Lincoln did not constitutionally have the power to uspend habeas corpus, then by doing so he fundamentally altered the freedom of American citizens, (Kleinfeld, 1997, 24).In defending accusations mostly made by Democrats that he was stripping Americans of their civil rights and liberties, Lincoln claimed that he didnt even believe a law was violated The Constitution, he argued, does not expressly prohibit the president from suspending the writ, and it is unreasonable that a risk of exposure should run its course until Congress can be assembled, (Kleinfeld, 1997, 24). This defense was often used in Lincolns behalf.According to Brinkley and Dyer, the issue was time and the necessity of acting quickly They also explain how it was often claimed to simply be efficient for the centralized power in the executive branch The presidency carried with it a unity of office which allowed for swift action impossible for the legislature, (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 178). Congress agreed to this justification for Lincolns centralized power they retroactively endorsed his actions, declaring them legalized and made valid, as if Congress itself had enacted them. (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 178).The final instance of a decision made using Lincolns strengthened Presidential powers was a plan delivered to Congress in his 1862 address to its members. In this annual addres s, Lincoln proposed that Congress provide bonds to pay slave states that abolished slavery before 1900. He also, in the same address, proposed that Congress give money to help the colonization of those former slaves who chose to move. This fillip to hasten the end of slavery was thoroughly Lincolns design, and was an unusual display of executive decision to Congress, (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 181).These are just a few of the examples detailing the centralization of power to the executive branch that occurred during Lincolns brass instrument. He effectively transformed the institution of the Presidency, as many presidents after him have unploughed up the centralization of power as tradition. An example of a later president who also ran his judiciary in this fashion is Theodore Roosevelt. Like Lincoln, Roosevelt presided over the nation at a crossroads the divide amongst the nineteenth century and the wentieth, between the old presidency and the modern chief executive, between th e old state and the new, (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 268).Following in Lincolns precedent, Roosevelts decisions over the regulation of big business in this fledging industrial nation, as well as his speak softly and carry a big stick methodology to foreign policy, thoroughly illustrate this strong funneling of power into the office of the Presidency. At the beginning of Roosevelts administration, the big business era was just beginning. The United States had turned away from the isolationism which preceded the Spanish-American War. Now a solid ground power with quickly expanding foreign markets, the United States was considered a major industrial nation, (Business and Economy in the 1900s, 1997).With this industrial enterprise came consequences and fears regarding the growth of big business and power of large corporations. The growth of big business and its corresponding fears became the central issue to Roosevelts domestic policy. Roosevelt implemented multiple laws in hopes of re gulating large corporations, most notably his antitrust measures.According to a text titled Business and Economy in the 1900s, it was not until the Roosevelt administration that cases were pursued against business owners and labor unions. Most notably was the Northern Securities case, in which the Supreme Court command in a 5-4 decision that the company had violated the Sherman Antitrust Act, which had been on the books for decades. Brinkley and Dyer explain that, Although Roosevelt did not neediness to eliminate large corporations, he used antitrust prosecutions to enhance the authority of the executive branch, (274).Just as Lincoln used policy to enhance his powers as president, so did Roosevelt over 40 antitrust legislations were filed at a lower place Roosevelts presidency. Still focusing on the domestic issue of big business regulation, Roosevelts universe of discourse of The Bureau of Corporations was another notable event. After Roosevelts introduction of the Bureau in 1 903, it was created by Congress to investigate and publicize the behavior of giant corporations, (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 275). This Bureau is what helped investigate the companies and then catalyzed legislation, furthering antitrust laws made nether Roosevelts administration.Also parallel to the central power during Lincolns presidency, the president helped validate and chafe more power to the Executive Branch when he positioned himself to look like the representative of a public frightened and raging over a new threat from business, (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 275). This is parallel to the power Lincoln managed to experience when positioning himself to look like a representative of a frightened public during the beginnings of the Civil War, angry over slavery issues. Both men used their positions and the time in account statement to be seen in the same light.In terms of foreign policy, Roosevelt strived to make the United States power reach global heights. His speak softly and carry a big stick approach to foreign relations reflected that the way the country handled its foreign relations depended entirely on the President, not Congressional legislation. An example of this includes events that occurred following his December 1904 State of the Union address, in which Roosevelt reinforced his Big Stick Policy by saying that chronic erroneousness by Latin American states would compel the United States to an exercise of an international police power, (Big Stick and vaulting horse Diplomacy, 1998).This policy, reminiscent of the Monroe Doctrine, is known as the Roosevelt Corollary. It was first put into effect just weeks later, when Roosevelt negotiated a treaty with the Dominican Republic saying that the US would manage the Dominican Republics foreign debts. Mirroring events of the Lincoln administration, when the Senate refused to settle the treaty, the president carried it out by executive order, a move that touched off much animadversion at home, (Big Stick and Dollar Diplomacy, 1998).In this case, Roosevelt used his Big Stick policy to pass legislation rejected by the Congress, just because he was President and his office had the power to do so. It is much like Lincolns implementation of policy without Congressional approval during the Civil War. To conclude, President Lincoln helped to strength the power of the Executive Branch like never before, helping give the Presidency more realize of both domestic and foreign relations.At a delicate crossroads in American historythe Civil WarLincoln used the unique time to gain power through instatement of the draft, suspension of habeas corpus, and his proposals of bills to Congress. Following this precedent, President Theodore Roosevelt, also at a crossroads in United States history at the beginning of industrialization and big business, used similar tactics to gain and retain centralized control in the Executive branch through his trust-busting efforts and legislation on big business at home, as well as his Big Stick policies abroad.